(iii) The following passages are cited to demonstrate that the Earth is at rest, and the Sun is in motion with respect to Earth. Genesis xliv, 25: “The Almighty shall bless thee with the blessing of Heaven above, and blessings of the deep that lieth under.” Exodus xx, 4: “Thou shalt not make unto thee any likeness of anything in heaven above, or in the earth beneath, or in the waters under the Earth.” Deuteronomy iv, 18: “Take ye, therefore, good heed unto yourselves, and make no similitude of anything on the Earth, or the likeness of anything that is in the waters beneath the Earth.” Deuteronomy xxxiii, 13: “Blessed be his land, for the precious things of heaven, for the dew and for the deep which croucheth beneath.” (ii) The following passages are cited to argue that the Earth is a plane that is ‘founded upon the seas ’ thus, Earth is a plane resting upon waters below it. And God called the dry land Earth, and the gathering together of the waters called The Seas.” Genesis i., 9-10: “And God said, Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear. (i) The following passage is cited to argue that land and water are considered separate, and it is assumed that these comments refer to a flat Earth and not a globe. These were included in the 1864 book by Samuel Rowbotham (Parallax), Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe!, and summarized by Christine Garwood. Here are some examples of Biblical references relied upon by fundamentalist Flat-Earthers. Biblical Citations Used to Justify Flat-Earth Beliefs: Below we provide some of these passages, as taken from Samuel Rowbotham’s 1864 book Zetetic Astronomy. This is combined with the conviction that various statements in the Bible refer to a flat and stationary Earth. Many Flat-Earth arguments are based on the assumption that all statements in the Bible are literally true. The conspirators are variously identified as Satan, Freemasons, Jews, NASA and/or proponents of a New World Order.
But beginning with the Enlightenment, many fundamentalist Christian Flat-Earthers are content to believe that the gravitational theory (with the Earth as a spinning, moving globe), together with every other scientific advance that contradicts Flat-Earth theory, is the result of a conspiracy. Fundamentalists can discount Greek philosophers such as Aristotle because they were pagans.
Nowadays, one must assert that every photograph of the Earth taken from a great distance ( e.g., satellite photos, photos taken by astronauts, or photos from balloons, detectors in space, or the International Space Station) is fake.įor some religious fundamentalists, acceptance of Flat-Earth claims is accomplished by asserting that all scientists who developed current gravitational theory were Satanists, and that “Earth as a spinning ball” theories are part of a Satanic conspiracy. III.1: Religious fundamentalistsĪs we have mentioned, belief in a flat Earth requires that one reject every piece of the immense evidence that the Earth is a near-spherical globe. What are the factors motivating people to advocate Flat-Earth theories, or that might attract people to believe claims by Flat-Earthers? We divide these into four general categories.
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